Video transcript
One approach could be that you use CGM once in three months, and this CGM data can be used to optimise the treatment, intensify the treatment, or also sometimes behaviour modification. And the nudges which comes from the CGM can also keep you on track, can guide you that, yes, you are doing right, give you more confidence, and you feel more in control of your disease and diabetes. Hello, I am Dr Amit Gupta. I am a diabetologist based in India and Medical Director for Centre for Diabetes Care. My area of interest is diabetes and technology, and I am doing research in this area, and I am a regular user of CGM in my patients. Traditionally, the CGM has been used primarily in type 1 diabetes, and a decade ago there was a question that should we use CGM at all in type 2 diabetes? So now this question no longer exists. Now we are trying to find out, how best to use CGM in type 2 diabetes. Rationale of using CGM in people with type 2 diabetes can be manifold, and one of them is to optimise therapy. One of them can also be to look into the behaviour modification and to change the lifestyle. For example, if a patient is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and the patient still doesn't want to go on the treatment, and the patient wants to see what impact the lifestyle is making or can make on the glycaemic levels, so here comes the role of use of a CGM. So you can use a CGM here, give it to the patient before you start therapy, and the patient can actually see how the lifestyle is impacting the glucose levels and how the change is supporting the improvement in the glucose levels. Intermittent use of CGM refers to the use of CGM for a brief period, ten to fifteen days, and then reusing it again after a few months or as required. And you can use any type of CGM, whether it is an iCGM or rtCGM, and it can again depend on the need of the patient and the objective of using the CGM in such a population. You may be wondering: Why do we want to use CGM intermittently? And is it just the cost or is it the treatment burden? I will say it is both, because you would like to rationalise the treatment. At the same time, you would also like to optimise the cost of the treatment as well. There are many patients who will not require the continuous data for the monitoring, and they will only need some insights into their glucose patterns and they will do good, even with the limited information. I think we need to identify subsets of the patients who will require continuous use and those who will require intermittent use. I believe there is a significant number of people with diabetes, with type 2 diabetes especially, who will significantly benefit only with the intermittent use of CGM. For example, there is a patient who is waiting for a surgery, and you need to optimise the glucose control. So this patient may not need intensive glucose control or continuous monitoring of the glucose levels, but ten to fifteen days preoperatively or immediately in the post-operative period, here the CGM can be very good use. Maybe if you are initiating a patient on insulin, so this is the time where the patient will require some hand-holding and you need to titrate the doses for the insulin. And unlike type 1 diabetes, this patient may not be on multiple daily insulin, only the basal insulin may be the starting point. So here the CGM can actually guide the intensification and the titration of the treatment. And another area is that sometimes people would like to know what is the impact of the lifestyle, what is the impact of the exercise on their glucose patterns. And especially the busy professionals with very erratic schedules, for example, those who have night shifts, those who work late nights, those who have no control on their timing of eating and exercise, so particularly they will gain very insightful data on their day-to-day activities and the glucose levels. If we are using (CGM) intermittently, we are not burdening the patient with the data, and we are also not burdening the patient financially as well, and you are optimising the glucose monitoring. We know that glucose monitoring is very essential if you want to achieve good glycaemic control, if you want to achieve good time in range. Studies have shown that even 5 % improvement in time in range can significantly reduce microvascular as well as macrovascular complications. If you ask me personally, I would like to give the benefit of CGM to every person with type 2 diabetes. But depending on the resources, I would like to personalise it as per the requirement of the patients. There are many societies who have come up with consensus statements and guidelines. And in India, there is also a consensus statement, which talks about how to use CGM intermittently. So one approach could be that you use CGM once in three months and this CGM data can be used to optimise the treatment, intensify the treatment, or, also sometimes for behavior modification and the nudges which comes from the CGM can also keep you on track, can guide you that yes, you are doing right, give you more confidence, and you feel more in control of your disease and diabetes.