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It is important to identify factors that impact on the choice of treatment. In the past, for instance, we have suggested that this could be done in a very simple manner, using the so-called ABCD approach. What is the ABCD approach about? ABCD stands for the different factors that we could consider in the attempt to characterise the specific phenotype of each individual and, because of that, to identify a specific treatment. A stands for ‘age’. So, we can split our population into young, middle aged and the elderly, and so on and so forth. B is the main characteristic of the patient’s phenotype, which is their ‘body weight’ – the lean, the obese and the overweight. C stands for ‘complications’, the presence or the absence of complications or the presence or absence of comorbidities. And D stands for the ‘duration’ of the diabetes. We can have people who are in the very early stages of their disease or people who are at a very advanced stage. If you just combine all of these elements here – the age, the body weight, the presence or the absence of comorbidities or complications, the duration of the disease, you can try to identify not only the potential ABCD target – that is, what is the glycaemic level you want to achieve to reduce the risk of complications in these individuals. But, also, these elements can help in identifying specific treatments and guiding the selection of the pharmacologic treatment of type 2 diabetes.

The ‘ABCD’ approach is a way of identifying factors that impact on the choice of treatment. ‘ABCD’ stands for the different factors characterising an individiual’s phenotype, as follows:

A = age
B = body weight
C = complications
D = duration of diabetes

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Raz I, Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Buse JB, Inzucchi SE, Home PD, Del Prato S, Ferrannini E, Chan JC, Leiter LA, Leroith D, Defronzo R, Cefalu WT. Personalized management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: reflections from a Diabetes Care Editors' Expert Forum. Diabetes Care. 2013 Jun;36(6):1779-88.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23704680